414 papers
Cell biology is the study of life at its most fundamental unit: the cell. This field explores how these microscopic building blocks function, communicate, and replicate to sustain living organisms, from the simplest bacteria to complex human tissues. By understanding the machinery inside a cell, scientists unlock secrets about growth, disease, and the very nature of existence itself.
At Gist.Science, we track every new preprint uploaded to bioRxiv within this dynamic category. Our team processes each submission to provide both accessible plain-language explanations and detailed technical summaries, ensuring you can grasp complex discoveries without getting lost in dense jargon. Below are the latest papers in cell biology, offering a fresh look at the inner workings of life as they are shared with the world.
This study employs an unsupervised machine-learning pipeline to screen *Chlamydomonas reinhardtii* mutants, identifying 17 novel genes essential for pyrenoid integrity and revealing that subtle defects in this biomolecular condensate during mitosis are linked to impaired CO2-dependent growth, including a specific association with the STT7 kinase.
This study reveals that the demethylase KDM6B interacts with nucleo-adhesome components CSRP2 and TGFB1I1 in the nucleus to regulate specific target genes and drive epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in lung cancer, a process associated with increased nuclear localization of these proteins in patient samples.
Using MINFLUX nanoscopy, this study demonstrates that sister replisomes remain physically coupled at a ~40 nm distance throughout S phase through a mechanism involving AND1-mediated tethering and cohesin-dependent spatial confinement, directly resolving the long-standing debate regarding the spatial organization of eukaryotic DNA replication.
This study demonstrates that the expression of transfected plasmids is significantly reduced in cells lacking SEPTIN 9 or ESCRT proteins due to impaired endosomal acidification and escape, respectively, revealing that the default fate of transfected DNA is autophagy rather than successful cytoplasmic delivery.
This study reveals that NEDDylation stabilizes eIF3g and eIF3i proteins during stress, enabling their recruitment to stress granules and protecting them from degradation to facilitate translation reinitiation upon recovery.
This paper presents a scarless conditional sgRNA platform that leverages endogenous mascRNA processing to remove residual loxP sequences after Cre-mediated recombination, thereby restoring native sgRNA architecture to achieve superior temporal control, faster editing kinetics, and more consistent genome editing efficiency compared to conventional Cre-activated switches.
By combining proximity biotinylation with bioinformatic analysis, researchers identified and functionally characterized 16 divergent Nuclear Pore Complex components in *Toxoplasma gondii*, revealing a unique mRNA export machinery and distinct subcomplex compositions that reflect the parasite's evolutionary distance from model eukaryotes.
This study utilizes a refined glucose deprivation protocol to generate a comprehensive transcriptomic profile of metabolic adaptation in *Saccharomyces cerevisiae*, revealing that acute glucose starvation drives oxidation-dependent metabolism and identifying critical roles for the regulators Snf12 and Spt20 in mediating these stress responses.
This study resolves the evolutionary paradox of CHC22 loss in certain vertebrates by demonstrating that an alternatively spliced CHC17 isoform (CHC17-SAS) with a truncated C-terminus functionally substitutes for CHC22 in mammalian GLUT4 trafficking by utilizing a conserved trimerisation domain to recruit the specific adaptor SNX5.
This study reveals that in CHO fed-batch bioreactors, a metabolic shift toward fatty acid β-oxidation and ferroptosis activation drives a survival-productivity trade-off where resources are diverted from antibody production to cellular survival, providing a mechanistic basis for optimizing feed strategies and host engineering.