361 papers
Cell biology is the study of life at its most fundamental unit: the cell. This field explores how these microscopic building blocks function, communicate, and replicate to sustain living organisms, from the simplest bacteria to complex human tissues. By understanding the machinery inside a cell, scientists unlock secrets about growth, disease, and the very nature of existence itself.
At Gist.Science, we track every new preprint uploaded to bioRxiv within this dynamic category. Our team processes each submission to provide both accessible plain-language explanations and detailed technical summaries, ensuring you can grasp complex discoveries without getting lost in dense jargon. Below are the latest papers in cell biology, offering a fresh look at the inner workings of life as they are shared with the world.
This study quantifies the temporal dynamics and metabolic flexibility of adrenergic signaling in primary human fibroblasts, revealing that norepinephrine initially triggers a rapid glycolytic surge followed by a sustained increase in oxidative phosphorylation to drive cellular energy expenditure, a process that is significantly impaired in cells with mitochondrial defects.
By combining CRISPR-Sirius time-lapse imaging with explainable machine learning, this study reveals that serum starvation triggers a chromosome-specific response where chromosome 1 loci migrate to the nuclear envelope and exhibit distinct dynamic behaviors, including differential responses between homologous chromosomes.
This paper demonstrates that an optimized expansion microscopy workflow enables multiscale, three-dimensional ultrastructural mapping of intestinal tissues and organoids, successfully revealing disease-specific phenotypes in microvillus inclusion disease models that were previously only detectable via electron microscopy.
This study presents the development and validation of the SISA4 fission yeast strain, a more stable and user-friendly tool that enables sustained, stress-independent activation of the Sty1 MAP kinase pathway to facilitate the dissection of its specific roles in cellular processes, such as its unexpected involvement in maintaining cell polarity disruption.
This study demonstrates that lineage-specifying transcription factors directly regulate metabolic gene expression to tune cellular metabolism to specific functional demands, thereby ensuring the coherent execution of specialized cell activities.
This study demonstrates that holotomography serves as a powerful, label-free platform for volumetric imaging and quantitative analysis of fibrillar collagen architecture, enabling the differentiation of collagen subtypes, monitoring of assembly dynamics, and visualization of cell-mediated matrix remodeling without exogenous labels.
This study reveals that ferroptosis in mesenchymal-like ovarian cancer cells is executed through a non-canonical pathway where caspase-5 directly cleaves gasdermin E (GSDME) to induce pore formation and cell death, independent of caspase-1 and gasdermin D.
This study elucidates the conserved and species-specific molecular mechanisms by which Extended Synaptotagmins (E-Syts) maintain plasma membrane integrity under stress, demonstrating that their N-terminal anchor, C2 domains, and SMP domain collectively mediate ER-plasma membrane tethering, structural scaffolding, and the formation of highly curved membrane peaks essential for cellular homeostasis.
This study demonstrates that the inner nuclear membrane voltage and chromatin texture in intact cells are dynamically coupled and highly sensitive to ionic history, where the magnitude and nature of nuclear responses to sodium, potassium, and chloride perturbations depend on both the trajectory of exposure and the pre-existing chromatin state.
This study reveals that in *Drosophila*, GATOR2 maintains GATOR1 in an inactive supercomplex under nutrient-rich conditions, but upon starvation, Wdr59 facilitates the dissociation of this complex, allowing GATOR1 to become GAP-active, inhibit Rag GTPases, and prevent TORC1 recruitment to lysosomes.